Protecting alpine birds

From 2026 to 2028, the Vontobel Foundation is providing support for the University of Bern’s research project “Ensuring the Survival of Alpine Birds in a Rapidly Warming World.” The project aims to investigate the physiological limits of alpine bird species under heat stress and to identify microclimatic refuges that can ensure their survival.

In the Swiss Alps, average temperatures have risen by two degrees Celsius over the past one hundred years – and are projected to continue increasing. Alpine bird species living above the tree line are particularly affected: for example, the rock ptarmigan and the rock partidge.  While the ptarmigan’s range has declined, the rock partridge, originally native to southern Europe, may actually benefit from higher temperatures.

Dr. Ian Ausprey of the University of Bern is using cutting-edge technology to investigate how these two species are adapting their behavior to local microclimates. This innovative research project combines three approaches. First, the research team is developing physiological models that determine the temperatures at which alpine birds suffer heat stress. In addition to their metabolic rate, it is expected that other factors such as the density and reflectivity of the birds’ plumage also play a key role.

Second, individual rock ptarmigans and rock partridges are to be fitted with state-of-the-art GPS transmitters that will record not only their movements but also the ambient temperature where they are. Third, thermal-imaging drones will transmit data from the birds’ surroundings to creating thermal maps of the specific alpine landscapes in which these species live, identifying the relatively cooler microhabitat structures that provide them with refuge from the heat – for example, rock outcroppings or shaded scree fields.

The project illustrates how scientific research can generate concrete recommendations for managing microhabitat structures in alpine landscapes and thus contribute directly to biodiversity conservation.